(d)+Making+Proteins

__**MAKING PROTEINS **__

A triplet is also known as a codon, a three-based sequence which makes up the MRNA. This MRNA (messenger RNA), carries coding information to ribosomes (the part of the cell where protein is synthesized). Each triplet codon is made up of three necleotides. Different combination of necleotides is used to synthesis a different a type of protein in the form of amino acids (Messenger). Refer to the diagram below: (Pickering)
 * What is a triplet? **

(Glossary)

The ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells. Each triplet (so 1 out of the 3) is supposed to correspond to a single amino acid, which then leads to protiens which creates cells and gives them each individual instructions.
 * What does each triplet code for? **


 * Can DNA leave the nucleus? **

The nuclar envelope keeps the DNA inside the nucleus. So no, DNA can't leave the nucleus, but by doing so they make a copy of the DNA cells that can be transported out of the nucleus and that is called RNA the messenger (a.k.a mRNA). A single strand that can make it out of the nuclues through pores of the nuclues and sends messages to the ribosomes.

The message on the DNA is copied onto RNA (mRNA).
 * Complete the following: **

 mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome.

Inside the ribsome the message on the mRNA is read and a amino acid is built.

There are 2 main parts t o the process of making proteins. 1. Transcription - where RNA is made During the stage Transcriptions, RNA is made and processed from a gene on the DNA. After the process of a polyA tail being added to the mRNA, and after the introns have been removed, the RNA leaves the nucleus through the pore. They go through the pore to get to te ribsome for the next stage to occur which is.. 2. Translation - where amino acids are put together The RNA carries the condon to take to the ribosome, the condon is a code with protien you need, and the tRNA will collect amino acids and also bring them to the ribsome. This is the Process of making protein in a cell. Certain Protien is brought to the ribsome from the anti-condon. The anti condon is just another form of the condon. The anti condon of the tRNa and condonthen pair up to the peptidyl catayzes peptide bond between amino acid. This process then gets completed and the polypeptide is released.The polopeptide travels through the E.R. and Golgi body for some modifications to be made and to make protien. Now translation occurs, and the amino acids are put together to make a chain. The process happens really fast and vividly, and takes a lot of energy. 1 protein = 20 amino acids, 20 amino acids = 1 second to be put together.
 * How fast can this process occur? **

2. Makes Enzymes and hormones and other compounds in our body 3. Use to produce hair, skin and nails in our body
 * Main function of Protein:**
 * 1.** It helps build and maintain body tissues like muscles

Note: mRNA is the RNA that carries information during transciption and translation, which match up with the anticondons on tRNA. tRNA is the RNA that bonds amino acids and tranfers them to ribsomes and make mRN

media type="youtube" key="D3fOXt4MrOM" height="315" width="560" Work Cited: "Glossary." //Cancer Watch//. Cancer Watch, n.d. Web. 9 Feb. 2012. [].

"Messenger RNA." //Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia//. Web. 18 Feb. 2012. .

Pickering, W. R. //Complete Biology//. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2000. Print.